Cranial Electrotherapy Stimulation (CES) Vignette 1

Vignette # 1 John, a fourteen year old Caucasian male with a history of psychiatric treatment including medication intervention for depression and developmental deviation with a hyperkinetic element. His history of school functioning had been poor although he was not...

Morphological Changes of the Aging Brain

During healthy aging, the brain experiences complex structural and biochemical changes, including modification in dendritic morphology, synaptic connectivity (Anderson and Rutledge, 1996), Ca2+ dysregulation (Toescu et al., 2004), gene expression (for review see Burke...

Healthy Aging

Healthy aging is accompanied by changes in cognitive and motor functions that result in impairment of activities of daily living. This process involves a number of modifications in the brain and is associated with metabolic, structural, and physiological changes; some...